Nasal Obstructions

Blockages in the nasal cavity can hinder the flow of air in and out of the nose, known as nasal obstructions. This condition can affect one or both nostrils and is often caused by temporary factors such as colds, allergies, sinus infections, or medications. However, some cases may require medical attention.

There are various forms of nasal obstruction, including:

• Deviated nasal septum: The nasal septum, which separates the left and right nostrils, can be crooked. This condition is quite common, with approximately 80 percent of individuals having some degree of septal deviation. Symptoms include difficulty breathing through the nose, particularly in one nostril, and a runny nose.
• Inferior turbinate hypertrophy: The nasal cavity contains bony structures called turbinates, which can become swollen and cause breathing difficulties due to allergies and dust irritation.
• Choanal atresia: This is a congenital defect where excess tissue in the nasal airway partially or fully blocks it, resulting in breathing difficulties.
• Nasal polyps: These are benign growths that develop on the mucosal lining of the nasal passages. Although typically small and noncancerous, they can obstruct the sinuses, leading to congestion, breathing problems, and sinus infections.
• Foreign objects in the nose: Toddlers and children are most commonly affected by foreign objects in the nose. Common objects include food material, tissue paper, beads, toys, and rocks.
• Oversized adenoids: Adenoids are soft tissue masses located behind the nose and roof of the mouth. They help trap germs and produce antibodies to support the immune system. When infected, they can enlarge and block nasal airflow.
• Swelling of the nasal lining due to allergies: Allergies occur when the immune system reacts to harmless substances. This triggers the production of antibodies and the release of histamines, which cause swelling of the nasal lining and other allergy symptoms.