Sinusitis is inflammation and swelling of the tissues that line the sinuses. It can be caused by an infection, nasal polyps, a deviated septum, trauma to the face, hay fever, immune system disorders, or tumors. Symptoms of sinusitis include nasal congestion and discharge, postnasal drip, sore throat, facial pressure and swelling, loss of smell and taste, headache, fever, fatigue, and bad breath.
Diagnosis and treatment: Your doctor will diagnose sinusitis based on a physical examination, review of your medical history, and examination of your nasal passages. Additional tests such as nasal endoscopy, CT scans, MRIs, and allergy tests may be used to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment for sinusitis will vary depending on the severity of the condition and whether it is acute or chronic. Saline nasal sprays and corticosteroids can be used to rinse the nasal passages and reduce inflammation. Decongestants can be used for short-term relief, but extended use can worsen the condition. Antibiotics are prescribed for bacterial infections. Antihistamines, nasal steroid sprays, saline washes, and oral steroids are used for long-term relief. In some cases, immunotherapy (allergy shots) or surgery may be necessary to treat chronic sinusitis.
Prevention: There are a few things you can do to prevent sinusitis, such as:
- Washing your hands frequently
- Avoiding close contact with people who are sick
- Getting vaccinated against the flu and pneumonia
- Using a humidifier to add moisture to the air
- Managing allergies
- Keeping your nasal passages clean by using saline nasal sprays or irrigation
If you have any concerns about sinusitis, please talk to your doctor.